{"id":22197,"date":"2020-09-24T17:11:28","date_gmt":"2020-09-24T20:11:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/?page_id=22197"},"modified":"2023-09-10T11:09:46","modified_gmt":"2023-09-10T14:09:46","slug":"projetos-hidreletricos-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/geracao-de-energia-eletrica\/hidreletricas\/projetos-hidreletricos-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Projetos Hidrel\u00e9tricos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A constru\u00e7\u00e3o de barragens constitui um dos mais antigos projetos da engenharia civil, e a mais importante dos projetos hidrel\u00e9tricos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Todas as grandes civiliza\u00e7\u00f5es realizaram grandes obras para armazenar \u00e1gua e controlar enchentes. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Contudo, cada barragem possui projeto \u00fanico e peculiar que precisa se adaptar \u00e0 hidrologia, \u00e0 topografia e \u00e0 geologia locais.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id='barragens'  id=\"boomdevs_1\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Barragens<\/span><\/h2>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">As barragens se dividem nos seguintes tipos:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Aterro<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Terra<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Rocha<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Concreto<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Gravidade;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Arco;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Contraforte.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">As barragens de aterro dominam os projetos hidrel\u00e9tricos no mundo, representando cerca de 83%, e as barragens de gravidade ocupam a segunda coloca\u00e7\u00e3o representando 12%. <span id='easy-footnote-1-22197' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/geracao-de-energia-eletrica\/hidreletricas\/projetos-hidreletricos-2\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-22197' title=' Tabela 1.1 Noval'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span> Na verdade, os reservat\u00f3rios das usinas hidrel\u00e9tricas utilizam mais de um tipo de barragem.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id='barragens-de-aterro-de-terra'  id=\"boomdevs_2\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Barragens de Aterro de Terra<\/span><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22202\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22202\" style=\"width: 940px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Barragem_terra.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22202 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Barragem_terra.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"940\" height=\"606\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Barragem_terra.png 940w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Barragem_terra-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Barragem_terra-768x495.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22202\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 1. Barragem de aterro de terra<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22208\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22208\" style=\"width: 1171px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_terra_itaipu.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22208 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_terra_itaipu.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1171\" height=\"189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_terra_itaipu.png 1171w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_terra_itaipu-300x48.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_terra_itaipu-1024x165.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_terra_itaipu-768x124.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1171px) 100vw, 1171px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22208\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 2. Barragem de Aterro de Terra em Itaipu. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.itaipu.gov.br\/energia\/caracteristicas-da-barragem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.itaipu.gov.br\/energia\/caracteristicas-da-barragem<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 id='barragens-de-aterro-de-rocha'  id=\"boomdevs_3\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Barragens de Aterro de Rocha<\/span><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22203\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22203\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_pedra.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22203 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_pedra.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"588\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_pedra.png 800w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_pedra-300x221.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_pedra-768x564.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22203\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 3. Barragem de aterro de rocha<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22209\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22209\" style=\"width: 1139px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem-_rocha_itaipu.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22209 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem-_rocha_itaipu.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1139\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem-_rocha_itaipu.png 1139w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem-_rocha_itaipu-300x99.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem-_rocha_itaipu-1024x337.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem-_rocha_itaipu-768x253.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1139px) 100vw, 1139px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22209\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 4. Barragem de aterro de rocha em Itaipu. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.itaipu.gov.br\/energia\/caracteristicas-da-barragem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.itaipu.gov.br\/energia\/caracteristicas-da-barragem<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 id='barragens-de-concreto-de-gravidade'  id=\"boomdevs_4\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Barragens de Concreto de Gravidade<\/span><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22213\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22213\" style=\"width: 660px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/brarragem_gravidade.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22213\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/brarragem_gravidade.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"660\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/brarragem_gravidade.png 660w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/brarragem_gravidade-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22213\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 5. Barragem de concreto de gravidade. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/svGeBybVEq8pfLdq7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/svGeBybVEq8pfLdq7<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22212\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22212\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_itapu.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22212 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_itapu.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"460\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_itapu.png 460w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_itapu-300x226.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22212\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 5. Barragem de concreto de gravidade em Itaipu. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.itaipu.gov.br\/energia\/caracteristicas-da-barragem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.itaipu.gov.br\/energia\/caracteristicas-da-barragem<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 id='barragens-de-arco-de-concreto'  id=\"boomdevs_5\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Barragens de Arco de Concreto<\/span><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22214\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22214\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_arco.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22214 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_arco.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"810\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_arco.png 810w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_arco-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_arco-768x379.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22214\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 6. Barragem de arco de concreto. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/g2uSMWyEZftBnQ6PA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/g2uSMWyEZftBnQ6PA<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 id='barragem-de-concreto-com-contraforte'  id=\"boomdevs_6\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Barragem de Concreto com Contraforte<\/span><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22215\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22215\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_contraforte.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22215\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_contraforte.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_contraforte.png 400w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/barragem_concreto_contraforte-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22215\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 7. Barragem de concreto com contraforte. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/ssH8qgGaRgG8udiH6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/ssH8qgGaRgG8udiH6<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 id='barragens-mais-altas-no-mundo'  id=\"boomdevs_7\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Barragens mais altas no mundo<\/span><\/h3>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A Tabela [2] abaixo apresenta as barragens mais altas do mundo. Observa-se que o limite de 300m tem sido mantido em todo o mundo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c wdt-skin-aqua\">\n    \n    <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wdtNonceFrontendServerSide_44\" name=\"wdtNonceFrontendServerSide_44\" value=\"bafc021982\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22197\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wdtFrontendelementorNonce_44\" name=\"wdtFrontendelementorNonce_44\" value=\"3b987b0969\" \/>    <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"table_1_desc\"\n           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   <table id=\"table_1\"\n           class=\"  responsive display nowrap wdt-no-display data-t data-t wpDataTable wpDataTableID-44 \"\n           style=\"\"\n           data-described-by='table_1_desc'\n           data-wpdatatable_id=\"44\">\n        \n        <!-- Table header -->\n        \n<thead>\n<tr>\n                    <th\n                        class=\" wdtheader sort numdata integer \"\n        style=\"\">        wdt_ID<\/th>        <th\n        data-class=\"expand\"                class=\" wdtheader sort \"\n        style=\"\">        Represa<\/th>        <th\n                        class=\" wdtheader sort \"\n        style=\"\">        Pa\u00eds<\/th>        <th\n                        class=\" wdtheader sort numdata integer \"\n        style=\"\">        Altura(m)<\/th>    <\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n        <!-- \/Table header -->\n\n        <!-- Table body -->\n        \n<tbody>\n<!-- Table body -->\n<div data-id=\"44\"\n     class=\"wdt-timeline-item wdt-timeline-table_1\"\n     style=\"\">\n    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader\">\n        <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row wdt-table-loader-header\">\n            <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-header-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-header-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-header-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div><!-- \/Table body -->\n                    <tr id=\"table_44_row_0\"\n            data-row-index=\"0\">\n                            <td style=\"\">1<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Rogun<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Tajiquist\u00e3o<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">335<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_44_row_1\"\n            data-row-index=\"1\">\n                            <td style=\"\">2<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Nurek<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Tadjikist\u00e3o<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">300<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_44_row_2\"\n            data-row-index=\"2\">\n                            <td style=\"\">3<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Xiaowan<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">China<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">292<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_44_row_3\"\n            data-row-index=\"3\">\n                            <td style=\"\">4<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Grand Dixence<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Sui\u00e7a<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">285<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_44_row_4\"\n            data-row-index=\"4\">\n                            <td style=\"\">5<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Inguri<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Georgia<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">272<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_44_row_5\"\n            data-row-index=\"5\">\n                            <td style=\"\">6<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Manuel Torres<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Mexico<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">261<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n            <\/tbody>        <!-- \/Table body -->\n\n        <!-- Table footer -->\n        \n        <!-- \/Table footer -->\n    <\/table>\n\n<\/div><style>\ntable.wpDataTable td.numdata { text-align: right !important; }\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \n                                                                                    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead tr:nth-child(2) th {\n        overflow: visible;\n    }\n\n            \/* table font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable {\n        font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif !important;\n    }\n\n            \/* table font size *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable {\n        font-size: 24px !important;\n    }\n\n            \n                <\/style>\n<style>\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                            \n                                        \n                    \n<\/style>\n<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22219\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22219\" style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/rogum.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22219 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/rogum.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/rogum.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/rogum-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/rogum-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/rogum-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/rogum-1200x675.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22219\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 8. Barragem de Rogun. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/YqaAwzW2eq7NLipC9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/YqaAwzW2eq7NLipC9<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22221\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22221\" style=\"width: 838px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/nurek.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22221\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/nurek.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"838\" height=\"537\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/nurek.png 838w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/nurek-300x192.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/nurek-768x492.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22221\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 9. Barragem de Nurek. Fonte: https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/ww5GPUVA2b2usACg6<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22223\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22223\" style=\"width: 850px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/xiaowan.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22223\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/xiaowan.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"850\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/xiaowan.png 850w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/xiaowan-300x219.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/xiaowan-768x560.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22223\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 10. Barragem de Xiaowan. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/EMfpFCU43SWrn51M7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/EMfpFCU43SWrn51M7<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22225\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22225\" style=\"width: 512px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Grand_dixence.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22225\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Grand_dixence.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"512\" height=\"271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Grand_dixence.png 512w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Grand_dixence-300x159.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22225\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 11. Barragem Grand Dixence. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/uhysV7265q2KhksN7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/uhysV7265q2KhksN7<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22227\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22227\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/inguri.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22227\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/inguri.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/inguri.png 800w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/inguri-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/inguri-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22227\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 12. Barragem Inguri. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/qDvRqTFy3Cjqz3rC9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/qDvRqTFy3Cjqz3rC9<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22228\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22228\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/manuel-torres.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22228\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/manuel-torres.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/manuel-torres.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/manuel-torres-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/manuel-torres-768x515.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22228\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 13. Barragem Manuel Torres. Fonte: https:\/\/images.app.goo.gl\/qtzL1GnWnjRjFcR69<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id='maiores-reservat\u00f3rios-no-mundo'  id=\"boomdevs_8\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Maiores Reservat\u00f3rios no Mundo<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A Tabela abaixo apresenta os maiores reservat\u00f3rios de usinas hidrel\u00e9tricas do mundo. Observa-se que Serra da Mesa, o maior reservat\u00f3rio brasileiro, ocupa apenas a 17 posi\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wpdt-c wdt-skin-aqua\">\n    \n    <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wdtNonceFrontendServerSide_45\" name=\"wdtNonceFrontendServerSide_45\" value=\"c9590f5390\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22197\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wdtFrontendelementorNonce_45\" name=\"wdtFrontendelementorNonce_45\" value=\"364aebf9a4\" \/>    <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"table_2_desc\"\n           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pesquisa\",\"sUrl\":\"\",\"oPaginate\":{\"sFirst\":\"Primeiro\",\"sPrevious\":\"Anterior\",\"sNext\":\"Seguinte\",\"sLast\":\"\\u00daltimo\"}},\"buttons\":[],\"bProcessing\":false,\"serverSide\":true,\"ajax\":{\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-admin\\\/admin-ajax.php?action=get_wdtable&table_id=45\",\"type\":\"POST\"},\"oSearch\":{\"bSmart\":false,\"bRegex\":false,\"sSearch\":\"\"}},\"customRowDisplay\":\"\",\"tabletWidth\":\"1024\",\"mobileWidth\":\"480\",\"renderFilter\":\"header\",\"advancedFilterEnabled\":false,\"serverSide\":true,\"autoRefreshInterval\":0,\"processing\":true,\"fnServerData\":true,\"columnsFixed\":0,\"sumFunctionsLabel\":\"\",\"avgFunctionsLabel\":\"\",\"minFunctionsLabel\":\"\",\"maxFunctionsLabel\":\"\",\"columnsDecimalPlaces\":{\"wdt_ID\":-1,\"nome\":-1,\"pais\":-1,\"volumekm3\":-1},\"columnsThousandsSeparator\":{\"wdt_ID\":0,\"volumekm3\":1},\"sumColumns\":[],\"avgColumns\":[],\"sumAvgColumns\":[],\"timeFormat\":\"H:i\",\"datepickFormat\":\"mm\\\/yy\"}'\/>\n\n    <table id=\"table_2\"\n           class=\"  responsive display nowrap wdt-no-display data-t data-t wpDataTable wpDataTableID-45 \"\n           style=\"\"\n           data-described-by='table_2_desc'\n           data-wpdatatable_id=\"45\">\n        \n        <!-- Table header -->\n        \n<thead>\n<tr>\n                    <th\n                        class=\" wdtheader sort numdata integer \"\n        style=\"\">        wdt_ID<\/th>        <th\n        data-class=\"expand\"                class=\" wdtheader sort \"\n        style=\"\">        Nome<\/th>        <th\n                        class=\" wdtheader sort \"\n        style=\"\">        Pa\u00eds<\/th>        <th\n                        class=\" wdtheader sort numdata integer \"\n        style=\"\">        Volume(km3)<\/th>    <\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n        <!-- \/Table header -->\n\n        <!-- Table body -->\n        \n<tbody>\n<!-- Table body -->\n<div data-id=\"45\"\n     class=\"wdt-timeline-item wdt-timeline-table_2\"\n     style=\"\">\n    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader\">\n        <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row wdt-table-loader-header\">\n            <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-header-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-header-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-header-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n           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               <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div><!-- \/Table body -->\n                    <tr id=\"table_45_row_0\"\n            data-row-index=\"0\">\n                            <td style=\"\">1<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Kariba<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Zambia\/ Zimbabue<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">180.600<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_1\"\n            data-row-index=\"1\">\n                            <td style=\"\">2<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Bratsk<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Russia<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">169.000<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_2\"\n            data-row-index=\"2\">\n                            <td style=\"\">3<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Akosombo<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Ghana<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">150.000<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_3\"\n            data-row-index=\"3\">\n                            <td style=\"\">4<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Daniel Johnson<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Canada<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">141.851<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_4\"\n            data-row-index=\"4\">\n                            <td style=\"\">5<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Simon Bolivar<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Venezuela<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">135.000<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_5\"\n            data-row-index=\"5\">\n                            <td style=\"\">6<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Assuam<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Egito<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">132.000<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_6\"\n            data-row-index=\"6\">\n                            <td style=\"\">7<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Bennett<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Canada<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">74.300<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_7\"\n            data-row-index=\"7\">\n                            <td style=\"\">8<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Grande Renascen\u00e7a Etiopia<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Etiopia<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">74.000<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_8\"\n            data-row-index=\"8\">\n                            <td style=\"\">9<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Krasnoyarsk<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Russia<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">73.300<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_9\"\n            data-row-index=\"9\">\n                            <td style=\"\">10<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Zeya<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Russia<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">68.400<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_10\"\n            data-row-index=\"10\">\n                            <td style=\"\">11<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Robert-Bourassa<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Canada<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">61.400<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_11\"\n            data-row-index=\"11\">\n                            <td style=\"\">12<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">La Grande 3<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Canada<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">58.200<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_12\"\n            data-row-index=\"12\">\n                            <td style=\"\">13<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">UST-Ilimisk<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Russia<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">59.300<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_13\"\n            data-row-index=\"13\">\n                            <td style=\"\">14<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Cutarm Creek<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Canada<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">58.596<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_14\"\n            data-row-index=\"14\">\n                            <td style=\"\">15<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Boguchany<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Russia<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">58.200<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_15\"\n            data-row-index=\"15\">\n                            <td style=\"\">16<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Kuibyshev<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Russia<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">58.000<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_45_row_16\"\n            data-row-index=\"16\">\n                            <td style=\"\">17<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Serra da Mesa<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Brasil<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">54.400<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n            <\/tbody>        <!-- \/Table body -->\n\n        <!-- Table footer -->\n        \n        <!-- \/Table footer -->\n    <\/table>\n\n<\/div><style>\ntable.wpDataTable td.numdata { text-align: right !important; }\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \n                                                                                    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead tr:nth-child(2) th {\n        overflow: visible;\n    }\n\n            \/* table font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable {\n        font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif !important;\n    }\n\n            \/* table font size *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable {\n        font-size: 24px !important;\n    }\n\n            \n                <\/style>\n<style>\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                            \n                                        \n                    \n<\/style>\n\n<h3 id='lago-kariba'  id=\"boomdevs_9\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Lago Kariba<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[wpdevart_youtube width=&#8221;640&#8243; height=&#8221;385&#8243; autoplay=&#8221;0&#8243; theme=&#8221;dark&#8221; loop_video=&#8221;0&#8243; enable_fullscreen=&#8221;1&#8243; show_related=&#8221;1&#8243; show_popup=&#8221;0&#8243; thumb_popup_width=&#8221;213&#8243; thumb_popup_height=&#8221;128&#8243; show_title=&#8221;1&#8243; show_youtube_icon=&#8221;1&#8243; show_annotations=&#8221;1&#8243; show_progress_bar_color=&#8221;white&#8221; autohide_parameters=&#8221;1&#8243; set_initial_volume=&#8221;true&#8221; initial_volume=&#8221;72&#8243; disable_keyboard=&#8221;1&#8243;]phb__TOHBsU[\/wpdevart_youtube]<\/p>\n<p>[wpdevart_youtube width=&#8221;640&#8243; height=&#8221;385&#8243; autoplay=&#8221;0&#8243; theme=&#8221;dark&#8221; loop_video=&#8221;0&#8243; enable_fullscreen=&#8221;1&#8243; show_related=&#8221;1&#8243; show_popup=&#8221;0&#8243; thumb_popup_width=&#8221;213&#8243; thumb_popup_height=&#8221;128&#8243; show_title=&#8221;1&#8243; show_youtube_icon=&#8221;1&#8243; show_annotations=&#8221;1&#8243; show_progress_bar_color=&#8221;white&#8221; autohide_parameters=&#8221;1&#8243; set_initial_volume=&#8221;true&#8221; initial_volume=&#8221;72&#8243; disable_keyboard=&#8221;1&#8243;]ARczAE_pAhg[\/wpdevart_youtube]<\/p>\n<h2 id='maiores-usinas-hidrel\u00e9tricas'  id=\"boomdevs_10\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Maiores Usinas Hidrel\u00e9tricas<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A Tabela abaixo apresenta as maiores hidrel\u00e9tricas do mundo considerando a pot\u00eancia instalada e a energia gerada.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<div class=\"wpdt-c wdt-skin-aqua\">\n    \n    <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wdtNonceFrontendServerSide_46\" name=\"wdtNonceFrontendServerSide_46\" value=\"db06352b52\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22197\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wdtFrontendelementorNonce_46\" name=\"wdtFrontendelementorNonce_46\" value=\"95e10c14ba\" \/>    <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"table_3_desc\"\n           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<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-row\">\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"wdt-table-loader-cell wdt-animated-background\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div><!-- \/Table body -->\n                    <tr id=\"table_46_row_0\"\n            data-row-index=\"0\">\n                            <td style=\"\">1<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">TRES GARGANTAS<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">22.500<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">98.100<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">China<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_1\"\n            data-row-index=\"1\">\n                            <td style=\"\">2<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">BAIHETAN<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">16.000<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">51.500<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">China<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_2\"\n            data-row-index=\"2\">\n                            <td style=\"\">3<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">ITAIPU<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">14.000<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">98.300<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Paraguai\/Brasil<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_3\"\n            data-row-index=\"3\">\n                            <td style=\"\">4<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">XILUODU<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">13.860<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">57.120<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">China<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_4\"\n            data-row-index=\"4\">\n                            <td style=\"\">5<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">BELO MONTE<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">11.234<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">0<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Brasil<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_5\"\n            data-row-index=\"5\">\n                            <td style=\"\">6<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">GURI<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">10.235<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">53.400<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Venezuela<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_6\"\n            data-row-index=\"6\">\n                            <td style=\"\">7<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">TUCURUI<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">8.370<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">41.400<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Brasil<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_7\"\n            data-row-index=\"7\">\n                            <td style=\"\">8<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">TASANG<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">2020<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">7.100<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">35.446<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Miamar<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_8\"\n            data-row-index=\"8\">\n                            <td style=\"\">9<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">GRAND COULEE<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">6.809<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">0<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">USA<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_9\"\n            data-row-index=\"9\">\n                            <td style=\"\">10<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">SAYANO -SHUSHENSKAYA<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">6.400<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">22.800<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Russia<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_10\"\n            data-row-index=\"10\">\n                            <td style=\"\">11<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">XIANGJIABA<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">6.400<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">30.747<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">China<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_11\"\n            data-row-index=\"11\">\n                            <td style=\"\">12<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">LONGTAN<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">6.300<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">18.710<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">China<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_12\"\n            data-row-index=\"12\">\n                            <td style=\"\">13<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">KRASNOYARSK<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">6.000<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">20.400<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Russia<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_13\"\n            data-row-index=\"13\">\n                            <td style=\"\">14<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">NUOZHADU<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">5.850<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">23.912<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">China<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_14\"\n            data-row-index=\"14\">\n                            <td style=\"\">15<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">ROBERT-BOURASSA, BARRAGE<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">5.616<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">37.400<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Canada<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_15\"\n            data-row-index=\"15\">\n                            <td style=\"\">16<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">JINPING 2<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">4.800<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">24.230<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">China<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_16\"\n            data-row-index=\"16\">\n                            <td style=\"\">17<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">DIAMER-BHASHA<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">4.500<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">19.000<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Paquist\u00e3o<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_17\"\n            data-row-index=\"17\">\n                            <td style=\"\">18<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">BRATSK<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">4.500<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">22.500<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Russia<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n                            <tr id=\"table_46_row_18\"\n            data-row-index=\"18\">\n                            <td style=\"\">19<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">DASU<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\"><\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">4.320<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">0<\/td>\n                            <td style=\"\">Paquist\u00e3o<\/td>\n                    <\/tr>\n            <\/tbody>        <!-- \/Table body -->\n\n        <!-- Table footer -->\n        \n        <!-- \/Table footer -->\n    <\/table>\n\n<\/div><style>\ntable.wpDataTable { table-layout: fixed !important; }\ntable.wpDataTable td.numdata { text-align: right !important; }\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                    \n                                                                                    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable thead tr:nth-child(2) th {\n        overflow: visible;\n    }\n\n            \/* table font color *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable {\n        font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif !important;\n    }\n\n            \/* table font size *\/\n    .wpdt-c.wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpdtSimpleTable,\n    .wpdt-c .wpDataTablesWrapper table.wpDataTable {\n        font-size: 24px !important;\n    }\n\n            \n                <\/style>\n<style>\n<\/style>\n<style>\n                            \n                                        \n                    \n<\/style>\n<\/p>\n<h2 id='projeto-de-hidrel\u00e9tricas'  id=\"boomdevs_11\">Projeto de Hidrel\u00e9tricas<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">O projeto de usinas hidrel\u00e9tricas requer uma s\u00e9rie de estudos envolvendo especialistas de diversas \u00e1reas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A Figura 14 mostra os <a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/geracao-de-energia-eletrica\/hidreletricas\/hidrologia\/vazao\/\">par\u00e2metros b\u00e1sicos<\/a> do projeto de hidrel\u00e9tricas. <\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_44769\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-44769\" style=\"width: 756px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-44769 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Xnip2023-09-10_10-50-55.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"756\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Xnip2023-09-10_10-50-55.png 756w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Xnip2023-09-10_10-50-55-300x155.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 756px) 100vw, 756px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-44769\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 14. Par\u00e2metros b\u00e1sicos do projeto de hidrel\u00e9trica<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 id='etapas-do-projeto-hidrel\u00e9trico'  id=\"boomdevs_12\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Etapas do Projeto Hidrel\u00e9trico<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A Figura 15 mostra de forma resumida as etapas envolvidas no projeto de hidrel\u00e9tricas no Brasil.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A primeira etapa consiste dos estudos de viabilidade necess\u00e1rios para a obten\u00e7\u00e3o da licen\u00e7a Pr\u00e9via &#8211; LP. Nenhum empreendimento pode participar dos leil\u00f5es de energia sem possuir a LP, mas ningu\u00e9m realizaria este trabalho sem a certeza de ganhar o projeto ou ter seus custos ressarcidos. Por isso, qualquer empresa pode realizar estes estudos e o vencedor deve ressarcir os custos deste trabalho.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22254\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22254\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/etapas_hidro_2.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22254 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/etapas_hidro_2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/etapas_hidro_2.png 768w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/etapas_hidro_2-225x300.png 225w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22254\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 15. Etapas dos projetos de hidrel\u00e9tricas<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 id='invent\u00e1rio-e-viabilidade'  id=\"boomdevs_13\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Invent\u00e1rio e Viabilidade<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A Figura 16 apresenta um fluxograma dos estudos de invent\u00e1rio e viabilidade. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A parte inicial do trabalho consiste na obten\u00e7\u00e3o dos dados, cuja quantidade, qualidade e abrang\u00eancia possuem import\u00e2ncia primordial para o sucesso do empreendimento.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A partir de dado, inicia-se a identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de alternativas da cascata das usinas na bacia hidrogr\u00e1fica escolhida. Uma vez identificadas as alternativas, come\u00e7a a fase de estudos energ\u00e9ticos para todas elas. Nesta fase, identificam-se os arranjos, pot\u00eancias, custos e impactos ambientais. Finalmente, elaboram-se \u00edndices de custo-benef\u00edcio para cada alternativa considerando a gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia e os impactos ambientais.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_22255\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-22255\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/estudos_hidro.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22255 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/estudos_hidro.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/estudos_hidro.png 800w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/estudos_hidro-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/estudos_hidro-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-22255\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 16. Estudos Preliminares<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Os par\u00e2metros b\u00e1sicos de um aproveitamento hidrel\u00e9trico s\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Altura nominal da queda;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Varia\u00e7\u00e3o da altura da queda;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/geracao-de-energia-eletrica\/hidreletricas\/hidrologia\/vazao\/\">Vaz\u00e3o nominal<\/a>;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">\u00c1rea do Reservat\u00f3rio;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Volume do Reservat\u00f3rio;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Fator de Capacidade;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/geracao-de-energia-eletrica\/hidreletricas\/hidrologia\/vazao\/\">N\u00famero de M\u00e1quinas<\/a>;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Pot\u00eancia Nominal das M\u00e1quinas;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Pot\u00eancia Total Instalada.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Al\u00e9m da gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia el\u00e9trica, os reservat\u00f3rios possuem as seguintes fun\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Abastecimento de \u00e1gua para consumo humano;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Recebimento de rejeitos l\u00edquidos;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Abastecimento de \u00e1gua para atividades agropecu\u00e1rias;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Controle de cheias;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Piscicultura e aquicultura;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Navega\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Estas fun\u00e7\u00f5es, t\u00e3o ou mais importantes do que a gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia el\u00e9trica, determinam restri\u00e7\u00f5es de opera\u00e7\u00e3o para a usina. Periodicamente, o ONS informa aos agentes respons\u00e1veis pelas usinas hidrel\u00e9tricas as vaz\u00f5es m\u00e1ximas, as vaz\u00f5es m\u00ednimas e o n\u00edvel operativo para a usina e seu reservat\u00f3rio. Essas restri\u00e7\u00f5es obedecem a solicita\u00e7\u00f5es da Ag\u00eancia Nacional de \u00c1guas &#8211; ANA, da Marinha, e de outros \u00f3rg\u00e3os governamentais envolvidos no uso m\u00faltiplo da \u00e1gua.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Contudo,\u00a0<strong>atend\u00ea-las significa afetar a gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A Figura 17 apresenta os par\u00e2metros b\u00e1sicos de um reservat\u00f3rio.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_44757\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-44757\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-44757 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/reservatorios-1024x819.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"819\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/reservatorios-1024x819.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/reservatorios-300x240.png 300w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/reservatorios-768x614.png 768w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/reservatorios-1200x960.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/reservatorios.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-44757\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura 17. Par\u00e2metros dos reservat\u00f3rios<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Define-se inicialmente a <strong>cota m\u00ednima &#8211; NAmin- <\/strong>do reservat\u00f3rio define o seu volume morto, ou seja, o volume que se encontra abaixo da tomada d&#8217;\u00e1gua das turbinas. <\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Esse volume depende dos demais usos da \u00e1gua, tais como abastecimento, piscicultura e navega\u00e7\u00e3o, e da queda m\u00ednima da turbina. Do ponto de vista de gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia, considera-se a cota m\u00ednima como a cota da tomada de \u00e1gua mais um valor \u0394h para evitar a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de v\u00f3rtices na entrada da tomada d&#8217;\u00e1gua.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"style6\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">A <strong>cota m\u00e1xima operacional &#8211; NAmax<\/strong>&#8211; define o limite superior do volume do volume \u00fatil do reservat\u00f3rio, mas n\u00e3o o volume m\u00e1ximo do reservat\u00f3rio porque ela define a cota m\u00e1xima para estudos energ\u00e9ticos, mas n\u00e3o para o projeto da barragem. <span id='easy-footnote-2-22197' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/geracao-de-energia-eletrica\/hidreletricas\/projetos-hidreletricos-2\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-22197\" title=\" margem de seguran\u00e7a\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"style6\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">Al\u00e9m disso, torna-se necess\u00e1rio reservar parte do volume \u00fatil para o controle das cheias. Para controlar as cheias, torna-se necess\u00e1rio reservar parte do volume \u00fatil para armazenar quantidades elevadas durante os per\u00edodos de cheias, o n\u00edvel meta &#8211; <strong>NAmeta<\/strong>. Este volume \u00e9 chamado de <strong>volume de espera<\/strong>. Do ponto de vista energ\u00e9tico, o ideal \u00e9 o reservat\u00f3rio atingir seu n\u00edvel m\u00e1ximo no final do per\u00edodo \u00famido. Desta forma, nenhuma \u00e1gua ser\u00e1 vertida. No entanto, o volume de espera deve ser determinado antes do per\u00edodo \u00famido e, caso n\u00e3o seja utilizado, ele representar\u00e1 uma perda de energia armazenada para o per\u00edodo seco subseq\u00fcente. Do ponto de vista de projeto de barragem, existe a c<strong>ota m\u00e1xima maximorum &#8211; NAmaxmax, <\/strong>que representa a maior cota dispon\u00edvel para a maior cheia. Al\u00e9m desta cota, existe mais um fator de seguran\u00e7a que serve de prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra ondas formadas pelo vento para evitar o transbordamento em situa\u00e7\u00f5es cr\u00edticas. Esta cota \u00e9 chamada de <strong>cota da crista.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id='refer\u00eancias'  id=\"boomdevs_14\" align=\"justify\">Refer\u00eancias<\/h3>\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: decimal; font-family: verdana;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">NOVAL, P., MOFFAT, A.I.B, NALLURI, C., NARAYANAN, R., <strong>Hydraulic Structures<\/strong>, 4<sup>a<\/sup>\u00a0 edi\u00e7\u00e3o, Taylor &amp; Francis, 2007.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON LARGE DAMS,&lt;https:\/\/www.icold-cigb.org\/article\/GB\/world_register\/general_synthesis\/worldss-highest-dams&gt;<\/li>\n<li>MME, CEPEL, <strong>Manual de Invent\u00e1rio Hidroel\u00e9trico de Bacias Hidrogr\u00e1ficas<\/strong>, 2007.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A constru\u00e7\u00e3o de barragens constitui um dos mais antigos projetos da engenharia civil, e a mais importante dos projetos hidrel\u00e9tricos. Todas as grandes civiliza\u00e7\u00f5es realizaram grandes obras para armazenar \u00e1gua e controlar enchentes. Contudo, cada barragem possui projeto \u00fanico e peculiar que precisa se adaptar \u00e0 hidrologia, \u00e0 topografia e \u00e0 geologia locais. Barragens As [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22198,"parent":1425,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-22197","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/proj_hudro.png",1200,280,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/proj_hudro-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/proj_hudro-300x70.png",300,70,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/proj_hudro-768x179.png",580,135,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/proj_hudro-1024x239.png",580,135,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/proj_hudro.png",1200,280,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/proj_hudro.png",1200,280,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/proj_hudro.png",1200,280,false],"twentytwenty-fullscreen":["https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/proj_hudro.png",1200,280,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"A constru\u00e7\u00e3o de barragens constitui um dos mais antigos projetos da engenharia civil, e a mais importante dos projetos hidrel\u00e9tricos. Todas as grandes civiliza\u00e7\u00f5es realizaram grandes obras para armazenar \u00e1gua e controlar enchentes. Contudo, cada barragem possui projeto \u00fanico e peculiar que precisa se adaptar \u00e0 hidrologia, \u00e0 topografia e \u00e0 geologia locais. Barragens As&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22197"}],"version-history":[{"count":47,"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44772,"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22197\/revisions\/44772"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1425"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.antonioguilherme.web.br.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}